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Utilitas Sistem Monitoring Pada SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop (NOVELL)

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Sejumlah program dan mekanisme, beberapa di antaranya disajikan di sini, dapat digunakan untuk memeriksa status dari sistem anda. Juga dijelaskan beberapa utilitas yang berguna untuk pekerjaan rutin, bersama dengan parameter mereka yang paling penting.

Untuk setiap perintah diperkenalkan, contoh output yang relevan disajikan. Pada contoh ini, baris pertama adalah perintah itu sendiri (setelah tanda> atau # prompt). Kelalaian ditandai dengan tanda kurung siku ([...]) dan garis panjang dibungkus jika diperlukan. istirahat Line untuk garis panjang ditandai dengan garis miring terbalik (\).

# command -x -y # Perintah-x-y

output line 1 output baris 1

output line 2 output baris 2

output line 3 is annoyingly long, so long that \ output baris 3 adalah mengganggu panjang, begitu lama yang \

we have to break it kita harus mematahkannya

output line 3 output baris 3

[...] [...]

output line 98 output line 98

output line 99 output line 99

Deskripsi telah disimpan pendek untuk memungkinkan sebagai utilitas sebanyak mungkin untuk disebutkan.

Sistem Panggilan dari Run Program: strace

The strace utilitas memungkinkan Anda untuk melacak semua sistem panggilan dari proses yang sedang berjalan. Masukkan perintah dengan cara biasa, menambahkan strace pada awal baris: 

tester@linux:~> strace ls tester @ linux: ~> ls strace
execve("/bin/ls", ["ls"], [/* 61 vars */]) = 0 execve ("/ bin / ls", ["ls"], [/ * 61 vars * /]) = 0
uname({sys="Linux", node="linux", ...}) = 0 uname ({sys = "Linux", node = "linux", ...}) = 0
brk(0) = 0x805c000 York (0) = 0x805c000
access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or \ akses ("/ etc / ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (Tidak ada berkas atau \
    directory) direktori)
open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY) = 3 open ("/ etc / ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY) = 3
fstat64(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=89696, ...}) = 0 fstat64 (3, {st_mode = S_IFREG | 0644, st_size = 89696, ...}) = 0
mmap2(NULL, 89696, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0xb7ef2000 mmap2 (NULL, 89696, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0xb7ef2000
close(3) = 0 close (3) = 0
open("/lib/librt.so.1", O_RDONLY) = 3 open ("/ lib/librt.so.1", O_RDONLY) = 3
read(3, "\177ELF\1\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0\3\0\1\0\0\0000\36\0"..., 512) \ baca (3, "\ 177ELF \ 1 \ 1 \ 1 \ 0 \ 0 \ 0 \ 0 \ 0 \ 0 \ 0 \ 0 \ 0 \ 3 \ 0 \ 3 \ 0 \ 1 \ 0 \ 0 \ 0000 \ 36 \ 0 "..., 512) \
   = 512 = 512
fstat64(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=36659, ...}) = 0 fstat64 (3, {st_mode = S_IFREG | 0755, st_size = 36659, ...}) = 0
[...] [...]
stat64(1, {st_mode=S_IFCHR|0620, st_rdev=makedev(136, 0), ...}) = 0 stat64 (1, {st_mode = S_IFCHR | 0620, st_rdev = MAKEDEV (136, 0), ...}) = 0
mmap2(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) \ mmap2 (NULL, 4096, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) \
    = 0xb7ca7000 = 0xb7ca7000
write(1, "bin Desktop Documents music\tM"..., 55bin Desktop Documents \ menulis (1, "bin Desktop Documents musik \ tm "..., 55bin Desktop Dokumen \
   \ music Music public_html tmp \ Musik Musik public_html tmp
) = 55 ) = 55
close(1) = 0 dekat (1) = 0
munmap(0xb7ca7000, 4096) = 0 munmap (0xb7ca7000, 4096) = 0
exit_group(0) = ? exit_group (0) =?

Misalnya, untuk melacak semua upaya untuk membuka file tertentu, gunakan perintah berikut: 

tester@linux:~> strace -e open ls .bashrc tester @ linux: ~> strace-e ls terbuka bashrc.
open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY) = 3 open ("/ etc / ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY) = 3
open("/lib/librt.so.1", O_RDONLY) = 3 open ("/ lib/librt.so.1", O_RDONLY) = 3
open("/lib/libacl.so.1", O_RDONLY) = 3 open ("/ lib/libacl.so.1", O_RDONLY) = 3
open("/lib/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY) = 3 open ("/ lib/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY) = 3
open("/lib/libpthread.so.0", O_RDONLY) = 3 open ("/ lib/libpthread.so.0", O_RDONLY) = 3
open("/lib/libattr.so.1", O_RDONLY) = 3 open ("/ lib/libattr.so.1", O_RDONLY) = 3
[...] [...]

Untuk melacak semua proses anak, gunakan parameter-f. Format perilaku dan output dari strace bisa sebagian besar dikuasai. Untuk informasi lihat, see man strace .

Informasi Hardware

PCI Sumber: lspci

Perintah lspci daftar sumber daya PCI: 

linux:~ # lspci linux: ~ # lspci
00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 82845G/GL[Brookdale-G]/GE/PE \ 00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 82845G/GL [Brookdale-G] / GE / PE \
    DRAM Controller/Host-Hub Interface (rev 01) DRAM Controller / Host-Hub Interface (rev 01)
00:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82845G/GL[Brookdale-G]/GE/PE \ 00:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82845G/GL [Brookdale-G] / GE / PE \
    Host-to-AGP Bridge (rev 01) Host-to-AGP Bridge (rev 01)
00:1d.0 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801DB/DBL/DBM \ 00:01 d.0 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801DB/DBL/DBM \
    (ICH4/ICH4-L/ICH4-M) USB UHCI Controller #1 (rev 01) (ICH4/ICH4-L/ICH4-M) USB UHCI Controller # 1 (rev 01)
00:1d.1 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801DB/DBL/DBM \ 00:01 D.1 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801DB/DBL/DBM \
    (ICH4/ICH4-L/ICH4-M) USB UHCI Controller #2 (rev 01) (ICH4/ICH4-L/ICH4-M) USB UHCI Controller # 2 (rev 01)
00:1d.2 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801DB/DBL/DBM \ 00:01 D.2 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801DB/DBL/DBM \
    (ICH4/ICH4-L/ICH4-M) USB UHCI Controller #3 (rev 01) (ICH4/ICH4-L/ICH4-M) USB UHCI Controller # 3 (rev 01)
00:1d.7 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801DB/DBM \ 00:01 D.7 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801DB/DBM \
    (ICH4/ICH4-M) USB2 EHCI Controller (rev 01) (ICH4/ICH4-M) USB2 EHCI Controller (rev 01)
00:1e.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801 PCI Bridge (rev 81) 00:01 e.0 jembatan PCI: Intel Corporation 82801 PCI Bridge (rev 81)
00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation 82801DB/DBL (ICH4/ICH4-L) \ 00:01 f.0 ISA jembatan: Intel Corporation 82801DB/DBL (ICH4/ICH4-L) \
    LPC Interface Bridge (rev 01) LPC Interface Bridge (rev 01)
00:1f.1 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82801DB (ICH4) IDE \ F.1 00:01 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82801DB (ICH4) IDE \
    Controller (rev 01) Controller (rev 01)
00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 82801DB/DBL/DBM (ICH4/ICH4-L/ICH4-M) \ F.3 00:01 SMBus: Intel Corporation 82801DB/DBL/DBM (ICH4/ICH4-L/ICH4-M) \
    SMBus Controller (rev 01) SMBus Controller (rev 01)
00:1f.5 Multimedia audio controller: Intel Corporation 82801DB/DBL/DBM \ 00:01 F.5 Multimedia audio controller: Intel Corporation 82801DB/DBL/DBM \
    (ICH4/ICH4-L/ICH4-M) AC'97 Audio Controller (rev 01) (ICH4/ICH4-L/ICH4-M) AC'97 Audio Controller (rev 01)
01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: Matrox Graphics, Inc. G400/G450 (rev 85) 01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: Matrox Graphics, Inc G400/G450 (rev 85)
02:08.0 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation 82801DB PRO/100 VE (LOM) \ 02:08.0 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation 82801DB PRO/100 VE (LOM) \
    Ethernet Controller (rev 81) Ethernet Controller (rev 81)

Menggunakan-v menghasilkan daftar yang lebih rinci: 

linux:~ # lspci linux: ~ # lspci
[...] [...]
02:08.0 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation 82801DB PRO/100 VE (LOM)\ 02:08.0 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation 82801DB PRO/100 VE (LOM) \
    Ethernet Controller (rev 81) Ethernet Controller (rev 81)
        Subsystem: Fujitsu Siemens Computer GmbH: Unknown device 1001 Subsystem: Fujitsu Siemens GmbH Komputer: Perangkat Unknown 1001
        Flags: bus master, medium devsel, latency 66, IRQ 11 Flags: bus master, devsel menengah, latency 66, IRQ 11
        Memory at d1000000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4K] Memori di d1000000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size = 4K]
        I/O ports at 3000 [size=64] Port I / O pada 3000 [size = 64]
        Capabilities: [dc] Power Management version 2 Kemampuan: [dc] Power Management versi 2

Informasi tentang resolusi nama perangkat diperoleh dari file / usr / share / pci.ids. PCI ID tidak terdaftar dalam file ini ditandai perangkat Unknown.

Parameter-vv menghasilkan semua informasi yang bisa ditanyakan oleh program. Untuk melihat nilai numerik murni, gunakan parameter-n.


USB Devices: lsusb

Lsusb Perintah ini menampilkan semua perangkat USB. Dengan v-pilihan, mencetak daftar yang lebih rinci. Informasi rinci dibaca dari direktori / proc / bus / usb /.Berikut ini adalah output dari lsusb dengan perangkat USB terpasang: hub, memory stick, hard disk, dan mouse. 

linux:/ # lsusb linux: / # lsusb
Bus 004 Device 007: ID 0ea0:2168 Ours Technology, Inc. Transcend JetFlash \ Bus 004 Device 007: ID 0ea0: 2168 Ours Technology, Inc JetFlash Transcend \
    2.0 / Astone USB Drive 2.0 / Astone USB Drive
Bus 004 Device 006: ID 04b4:6830 Cypress Semiconductor Corp. USB-2.0 IDE \ Bus 004 Device 006: ID 04b4: 6830 Cypress Semiconductor Corp USB-2.0 IDE \
    Adapter Adaptor
Bus 004 Device 005: ID 05e3:0605 Genesys Logic, Inc. Bus 004 Device 005: ID 05e3: 0605 Genesys Logic, Inc
Bus 004 Device 001: ID 0000:0000 Bus 004 Device 001: ID 0000:0000
Bus 003 Device 001: ID 0000:0000 Bus 003 Device 001: ID 0000:0000
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 0000:0000 Bus 002 Device 001: ID 0000:0000
Bus 001 Device 005: ID 046d:c012 Logitech, Inc. Optical Mouse Bus 001 Device 005: ID 046d: c012 Logitech, Inc Optical Mouse
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 0000:0000 Bus 001 Device 001: ID 0000:0000

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